Research guide
GHK-Cu (Copper Tripeptide-1): a scientific overview
GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide (Gly-His-Lys) first isolated from human plasma. Its plasma concentration declines with age, and it has been studied extensively in wound healing, skin remodelling and gene-expression research.
For laboratory research use only. Not for human consumption, diagnostic or therapeutic use.
What is GHK-Cu?
GHK-Cu is the copper (II) complex of the tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine. Its histidine imidazole ring binds divalent copper with high affinity, forming a bioactive complex that participates in copper transport and downstream signalling.
Mechanism of action
- Extracellular matrix remodelling — stimulates fibroblast synthesis of collagen, elastin, glycosaminoglycans and decorin in dermal-tissue models.
- Antioxidant activity — SOD-mimetic behaviour of the copper complex, with reduction of lipid peroxidation markers in vitro.
- Gene-expression modulation — microarray studies (Pickart, BioMed Research International, 2015) show GHK-Cu alters expression of over 4,000 human genes, with a signature associated with tissue repair.
Research evidence
Preclinical studies report improved wound closure in rodent and porcine models, increased hair-follicle size in ex-vivo human scalp assays, and neuroprotective activity in cortical-neuron cultures. Human data are largely limited to cosmetic topical formulations; injectable GHK-Cu is not an approved medicine.
Reconstitution & storage
Lyophilised GHK-Cu is typically reconstituted with bacteriostatic water for injection. The blue coloration of the reconstituted solution reflects the copper (II) complex and is expected. Store the reconstituted material at 2–8 °C, protected from light, and use within 30 days. Unreconstituted vials remain stable long-term at −20 °C.
Quality & purity
Every batch supplied by XCE Peptide is characterised by reversed-phase HPLC and mass spectrometry, with release at ≥ 99% purity and independent European cross-verification. A batch-specific certificate of analysis accompanies every order.
Frequently asked questions
Why is GHK-Cu solution blue?
The blue colour is a d-d electronic transition of the bound copper (II) ion. A clear, colourless solution after reconstitution typically indicates a plain GHK peptide rather than the copper complex.
Can GHK-Cu be lyophilised with copper?
Yes. XCE Peptide's vials are supplied as the pre-formed copper complex, so no additional copper salt is required at reconstitution.
Is GHK-Cu approved as a medicine?
No. GHK-Cu has no injectable marketing authorisation. It is supplied strictly for laboratory research.